What about 5:3?

Sura 5, verse 3 of the Quran, states the following:

[5:3] Prohibited for you are animals that die of themselves, blood, the meat of pigs,* and animals dedicated to other than GOD. (Animals that die of themselves include those) strangled, struck with an object, fallen from a height, gored, attacked by a wild animal—unless you save your animal before it dies—and animals sacrificed on altars. Also prohibited is dividing the meat through a game of chance; this is an abomination. Today, the disbelievers have given up concerning (the eradication of) your religion; do not fear them and fear Me instead. Today, I have completed your religion, perfected My blessing upon you, and I have decreed Submission as the religion for you. If one is forced by famine (to eat prohibited food), without being deliberately sinful, then GOD is Forgiver, Merciful.

حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَيْتَةُ وَالدَّمُ وَلَحْمُ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَمَا أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ بِهِ وَالْمُنْخَنِقَةُ وَالْمَوْقُوذَةُ وَالْمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَالنَّطِيحَةُ وَمَا أَكَلَ السَّبُعُ إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيْتُمْ وَمَا ذُبِحَ عَلَى النُّصُبِ وَأَنْ تَسْتَقْسِمُوا بِالْأَزْلَامِ ذَٰلِكُمْ فِسْقٌ الْيَوْمَ يَئِسَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ دِينِكُمْ فَلَا تَخْشَوْهُمْ وَاخْشَوْنِ الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ فِي مَخْمَصَةٍ غَيْرَ مُتَجَانِفٍ لِإِثْمٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ

Some individuals claim that this list of deaths that can occur upon an animal, the sacrificing of an animal upon a stone altar, and dividing the meat through a game of chance all constitute additional prohibitions beyond what is stated in 6:145. Again, this would form a contradiction, as 6:145 states that the only dietary prohibitions for any eater are what is clearly stated in that verse. This is why these are not additional dietary prohibitions but instead explanations for several points of dispute regarding the dietary prohibitions.

Firstly, the word animal is nowhere in this verse, which again confirms that the four verses regarding the dietary prohibitions only refer to animal products and not fruits and vegetables. This is because an apple cannot be carrion and, therefore, cannot be strangled or gored. This is reinforced in the first verse of the Sura, stating that God prohibited food from among the livestock.

[5:1] O you who believe, you shall fulfill your covenants. Permitted for you to eat are the livestock, except those specifically prohibited herein. You shall not permit hunting throughout Hajj pilgrimage. GOD decrees whatever He wills.

ياأَيُّهَا الَّذينَ آمَنوا أَوفوا بِالعُقودِ أُحِلَّت لَكُم بَهيمَةُ الأَنعامِ إِلّا ما يُتلىٰ عَلَيكُم غَيرَ مُحِلِّي الصَّيدِ وَأَنتُم حُرُمٌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَحكُمُ ما يُريدُ

Secondly, the list of different forms of death that are detailed are all different ways that an animal can be considered carrion. This list by no means is exhaustive, but the key here is in the phrase translated as “unless you save your animal before it dies” إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيْتُمْ the meaning of the Arabic word ذَكَّيْتُمْ (dhakkaytum) means to slaughter (for food) or to make fit for food. This means that if an animal is strangled, struck with an object, or fallen from a height…and a person happens to slaughter that animal to make it fit for food before it dies, it is lawful for the person to eat. This shows that these methods of death are not additional prohibitions but that it is only carrion if it was not killed for the intention of being food.

This is further reinforced in the next phrase where it states وَمَا ذُبِحَ عَلَى النُّصُبِ (and what it was sacrificed on stone altars). If we look at the word ذُبِحَ “dhubiḥa” in this verse, we see that this word is when someone kills in the form of a sacrifice, but without the intention of it being food. Therefore, if someone kills an animal without the intent of eating it, the animal is considered carrion and part of the first dietary prohibition. This is why we cannot eat roadkill even though a human driving the car is what killed the animal since the intent of killing the animal was not for it to be food. Let’s look at all the verses where the word ذُبِحَ “dhubiḥa” is used. We see that every instance is when the killing was not meant for food, e.g., Pharoah killing of the firstborn (2:49), Moses commanding the Children of Isreal to sacrifice a heifer which was used to take part of the heifer to strike the victim to bring them back to life (2:71), Abraham sacrificing Ishmael (37:102).ذ ب ح

yudhabbiḥūna	يُذَبِّحُونَ	[they] slaughtering / slaying	2:49:9
tadhbaḥū	تَذْبَحُوا۟	you [all] sacrifice	2:67:9
fadhabaḥūhā	فَذَبَحُوهَا	So they sacrificed her,	2:71:21
dhubiḥa	ذُبِحَ	it was slaughtered / sacrificed (*and not intended to be eaten)	5:3:23
wayudhabbiḥūna	وَيُذَبِّحُونَ	by [they] slaughtering	14:6:17
laādh'baḥannahu	لَأَا۟ذْبَحَنَّهُۥٓ	I will surely sacrifice him	27:21:5
yudhabbiḥu	يُذَبِّحُ	he slaughtering	28:4:12
adhbaḥuka	أَذْبَحُكَ	[I] sacrifice you,	37:102:12
bidhib'ḥin	بِذِبْحٍ	with a sacrifice	37:107:2

Also, dividing the meat through a game of chance is a pagan ritual in which God shows that the action is prohibited, but the meat itself is not prohibited (similar to 5:103). If we were to prohibit eating the meat divided through a game of chance, then we would be creating an additional prohibition. Got informs us in the same sura to not cooperate in matters that are sinful (5:2). So, while a believer would not partake in such a practice, we cannot say that the meat itself is prohibited.

[5:2] O you who believe, do not violate the rites instituted by GOD, nor the Sacred Months, nor the animals to be offered, nor the garlands marking them, nor the people who head for the Sacred Shrine (Ka’bah) seeking blessings from their Lord and approval. Once you complete the pilgrimage, you may hunt. Do not be provoked into aggression by your hatred of people who once prevented you from going to the Sacred Masjid. You shall cooperate in matters of righteousness and piety; do not cooperate in matters that are sinful and evil. You shall observe GOD. GOD is strict in enforcing retribution.

يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تُحِلُّوا شَعَائِرَ اللَّهِ وَلَا الشَّهْرَ الْحَرَامَ وَلَا الْهَدْيَ وَلَا الْقَلَائِدَ وَلَا آمِّينَ الْبَيْتَ الْحَرَامَ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَرِضْوَانًا وَإِذَا حَلَلْتُمْ فَاصْطَادُوا وَلَا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَآنُ قَوْمٍ أَنْ صَدُّوكُمْ عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ أَنْ تَعْتَدُوا وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَىٰ وَلَا تَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ