> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://qurantalk.gitbook.io/muhammad-was-not-illiterate/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://qurantalk.gitbook.io/muhammad-was-not-illiterate/by-the-right-hand.md).

# By The Right Hand

An additional confirmation that Muhammad wrote the Quran with his own hand can be found in 69:45 of the Quran where it states that God would have “seized him by the right hand” if he uttered any other teachings.

> *\[69:44] Had he uttered any other teachings.*\
> \&#xNAN;*\[69:45] We would have punished him \[<mark style="color:red;">**seized him**</mark>* *<mark style="color:red;">**by the right hand**</mark>].*\
> \&#xNAN;*\[69:46] We would have stopped the revelations to him.*\
> \&#xNAN;*\[69:47] None of you could have helped him.*
>
> وَلَو تَقَوَّلَ عَلَينا بَعضَ الأَقاويلِ\ <mark style="color:red;">**لَأَخَذنا مِنهُ بِاليَمينِ**</mark>\
> ثُمَّ لَقَطَعنا مِنهُ الوَتينَ\
> فَما مِنكُم مِن أَحَدٍ عَنهُ حاجِزينَ

<table><thead><tr><th width="64">1</th><th width="129">la-akhadhnā</th><th width="85">لَأَخَذْنَا</th><th>certainly we would have seized</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>2</td><td>min’hu</td><td>مِنْهُ</td><td>from him</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>bil-yamīni</td><td>بِالْيَمِينِ</td><td>by the right hand.</td></tr></tbody></table>

Why would God indicate that had Muhammad taught any other teachings other than the Quran that He would have seized him, Muhammad, “by the right hand”?

The context of 64:44 – 47 is about God’s revelations of the Quran, which was given to Muhammad to deliver. To provide assurances that God’s verses were not altered by the messenger, God is telling us that if Muhammad were to write any other teachings, He would have seized his right hand, thus refraining him from being able to write any more of God’s revelations.

The significance of stating that Muhammad would have been seized by the right hand is that the right hand is used for writing. We see this same word, “bil-yamīni ( بِالْيَمِينِ ),” used elsewhere in the Quran in the context of Muhammad writing the scripture with his own hand.

> *\[29:48] **You did not read the previous scriptures,\*\*\*\*&#x20;**<mark style="color:red;">**nor did you write them with your right hand**</mark>**.** In that case, the rejectors would have had reason to harbor doubts.*
>
> (٤٨) **وَمَا كُنْتَ تَتْلُو مِنْ قَبْلِهِ مِنْ كِتَابٍ&#x20;**<mark style="color:red;">**وَلَا تَخُطُّهُ بِيَمِينِكَ**</mark> إِذًا لَارْتَابَ الْمُبْطِلُونَ

<table><thead><tr><th width="66">1</th><th width="152">wamā</th><th width="84">وَمَا</th><th>And not</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>2</td><td>kunta</td><td>كُنْتَ</td><td>you used to</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>tatlū</td><td>تَتْلُو</td><td>[you] recite / read</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>min</td><td>مِنْ</td><td>from</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>qablihi</td><td>قَبْلِهِ</td><td>before it</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>min</td><td>مِنْ</td><td>any</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>kitābin</td><td>كِتَابٍ</td><td>scripture,</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>walā</td><td>وَلَا</td><td>and not (did)</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td><strong>takhuṭṭuhu</strong></td><td><strong>تَخُطُّهُ</strong></td><td><strong>you write it</strong></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td><strong>biyamīnika</strong></td><td><strong>بِيَمِينِكَ</strong></td><td><strong>with your right hand,</strong></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>idhan</td><td>إِذًا</td><td>then</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>la-ir’tāba</td><td>لَارْتَابَ</td><td>surely [he] would have doubted</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>l-mub’ṭilūna</td><td>الْمُبْطِلُونَ</td><td>the falsifiers / rejectors.</td></tr></tbody></table>

This verse informs us that Muhammad did not write the previous scriptures with his right hand. This again confirms that Muhammad was a gentile who did not know the previous scripture and that he did write the Quran with his right hand, as God would have ceased it if he uttered any other teachings (69:44-47).


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